Macular Degeneration
What is Macular Degeneration (AMD)?
Macular Degeneration, also known as Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), is an eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision used for reading, driving, and recognizing faces. AMD usually develops gradually with age and is one of the leading causes of vision loss in older adults.
AMD mainly affects central vision and can make activities requiring fine detail more difficult. However, it does not typically cause complete blindness because peripheral (side) vision is usually preserved.
Risk Factors Include:
- Increasing age
- Family history of AMD
- Smoking
- High blood pressure and cardiovascular disease
- excessive UV exposure
- Poor diet in low antioxidants
Types of Macular Degeneration
Dry AMD (Most Common)
- When the macula gradually becomes thinner over time and small deposits called drusen build up beneath the retina.
- Usually develops slowly over many years.
- Symptoms Include: Blurred or fuzzy central vision, difficulty reading, needing brighter lighting, trouble recognizing faces, decreased colour contrast.
Wet AMD
- When abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina and leak fluid or blood, causing rapid damage to the macula.
- Less common but more serious because vision loss can happen quickly.
- Symptoms Include: Sudden or rapid central vision loss, distorted or wavy vision, dark or blank spots in central vision, difficulty recognizing faces.
How Can You Treat Macular Degeneration?
Monitoring and Regular Eye Exams: Early detection is extremely important to monitor progression and begin treatment as early as possible.
Nutritional Supplements (AREDS2 Vitamins): Specific eye vitamins may help slow progression in certain stages of Dry AMD.
Anti-VEGF Injections: Common treatment for Wet AMD that helps reduce abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage inside the retina.
Laser or Photodynamic Therapy: In some cases, laser treatments may be used to help control abnormal blood vessels associated with Wet AMD.
Lifestyle Modifications: Stopping smoking, wearing UV-protective sunglasses, maintaining healthy blood pressure, and eating a diet rich in leafy greens and omega-3 fatty acids may help support retinal health.
At our clinic, we perform comprehensive retinal and macular evaluations using advanced diagnostic technology to help detect and monitor macular degeneration and protect long-term vision health.
Schedule a Health Evaluation Today
Regular eye exams are one of the most important steps you can take to protect your long-term vision.
Book an appointment at our Orangeville or Brampton locations to learn more about eye disease prevention, early detection, and ongoing management.
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